Community

Deficit Language: The Invisible Barrier We Do Not Talk About

Hannah Wilson portrait

Written by Hannah Wilson

Founder and Director of the Belonging Effect (formerly Diverse Educators).

We do not just describe people with our words – we define their possibilities. And sometimes, we unintentionally define them by what they lack. Too often, the language we use to describe communities puts the blame on individuals instead of the systems that fail them. This is what we call deficit language.

Why is Deficit Language Problematic?

As we strive to become more inclusive, we really need to consider the language we use and consider if it is a tool for inclusion or a weapon for exclusion. We choose our words to speak out loud our thoughts –  language selection gives us agency and we need to be conscious about what we say and how it lands as there is often a gap between our intention and our impact. 

In schools and workplaces we can fall into the trap of using deficit language to define and categorise people – it is problematic as it leads with what people are not, as opposed to leading with what they are. It highlights their barriers, instead of celebrating their strengths.

Definition: The word deficit comes from the Latin deficit meaning “it is wanting.” A deficit is characterised by the wanting of something missing – e.g. deficit (noun) is the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required.

How Do We Shape Intention into Impact? 

When we talk about people, the words we choose matter. They do not just describe reality – they shape it. Deficit language is one of the most common, yet often overlooked, ways language reinforces stereotypes and limits opportunities.

Deficit-based language frames individuals, groups or communities in terms of what they lack rather than what they bring. It emphasises shortcomings, needs, or problems. 

Asset-based language focuses on strengths, resources, and potential, using words and framing that promote dignity, confidence, and empowerment. It celebrates difference as a value-add.

Example 1:

It rattles me when I hear educators referring to people on their staff as ‘non-teachers’.  This centres the voice and the experience of teachers at the expense of the support staff, the admin staff, the site staff, the catering staff who can be collectively referred to as the operations staff. To open a DEIB training session by welcoming everyone and naming who is in the room, it is both ironic and counter-intuitive, furthermore it undermines the commitment a school is striving to make, when the impact of the language contradicts the intention.  

There is nothing ‘non’ about working in a school and being in the majority of the staff who are not the teachers.

Example 2:

It frustrates me when I hear people refer to others as ‘non-English speaking’. This assumes that everyone around the world speaks English and that there is a hierarchy of language. It makes the EAL learner or the multilingual family the problem and negates the value speaking a different language has.  

There is nothing ‘non’ about being a linguist and being able to communicate in multiple languages. 

Example 3:

It jars me when I hear people refer to others with a darker skin tone as ‘non-whites’. To me this smacks of racial segregation and categorisation. I can’t imagine anyone ever saying can the ‘non-boys’ come over here, or can the ‘non-parents’ go over there? It would get a reaction as it explicitly reduces people and erases their identity. 

There is nothing ‘non’ about being racialised as being black, brown or biracial and belonging to the global majority. 

Example 4:

It infuriates me on a personal level when people refer to me as being ‘non-married’  and a ‘non-parent’ or childless. This defines me by what I am not instead of what I am. It carries judgment about my lifestyle and my life choices. I am in fact very happy being ‘partner-free’ and ‘child-free’. 

There is nothing ‘non’ about being independent, autonomous and self-sufficient. 

Why is Deficit Language Harmful?

  • It Perpetuates Stereotypes:  Deficit framing positions people – especially marginalized communities – as inherently lacking. This reinforces harmful biases rather than dismantling them.
  • It Shifts Blame to Individuals: Instead of addressing structural inequities (like underfunded schools, discriminatory hiring, or systemic racism), deficit language makes individuals appear responsible for circumstances beyond their control.
  • It Limits Opportunities:  Words influence perception. When people are described in deficit terms, decision-makers (teachers, employers, policymakers) may unconsciously lower expectations or overlook talent.
  • It Shapes Identity: People internalise how they are described. Constantly hearing deficit-based narratives can impact self-esteem, confidence, and the way individuals see their own potential.

How Do We Move Beyond Deficit Language?

  • We shift from “what’s wrong” to “what’s strong”  – by replacing reductive phrases and by choosing our words more carefully. 
  • We highlight agency and resilience – by acknowledging the challenges people face, but also their strengths in navigating them.
  • We name systems, not individuals – by focusing on the problem itself instead of focusing on the person who is facing the problem.
  • We ask communities how they want to be described – by respecting that self-identification is key so we need to listen, unlearn and re-learn the language that we use.

The Bigger Picture

Moving away from deficit language is not about being “politically correct.” It is about shifting narratives to more accurately reflect reality, challenge harmful assumptions, and honour the dignity and resilience of individuals and communities.

When we change our words, we begin to change the systems they uphold. Asset-based language celebrates the value that difference brings, whereas deficit-based language puts the problem onto the person and others them.

This approach involves shifting the narrative from problems to opportunities, particularly in fields like education and social services, by recognising and valuing individual and community assets to achieve positive and equitable outcomes.  

So as everyone strives to articulate their DEIB commitment, as we become more conscious of who we are and our own lived experience – can we please become more confident in modelling inclusive language and more competent in calling in and calling out language that diminishes others?

by Hannah Wilson

Racism is a Safeguarding Issue: Education as a Safe Haven

Chloe Watterston portrait

Written by Chloe Watterston

Chloe is an educator, athlete, and advocate for inclusive, curiosity-driven learning, dedicated to creating spaces where every young person feels safe, valued, and empowered. Her work across mainstream and SEND education, community projects, and curriculum reform is driven by a passion for amplifying marginalised voices and breaking down barriers to learning.

Schools often pride themselves on being safe spaces, yet for many students, they are anything but. Racism in education is not simply a matter of representation or curriculum – it is a safeguarding issue. Children are being radicalised online, marginalised in classrooms, and silenced when they try to speak out. Ignoring racism doesn’t protect students; it perpetuates harm.

When we talk about safeguarding, we picture child protection protocols, online safety lessons, and anti-bullying strategies. But racism is rarely given the same urgency, often treated as a ‘behavioural’ problem rather than a threat to wellbeing. This omission has consequences. Experiencing racism is traumatic: it damages mental health, erodes self-worth, and disrupts learning. And when schools fail to act, they can become complicit in further harm.

We should be challenged to confront that denial and reframe anti-racism as a fundamental safeguarding duty. Decolonising the curriculum isn’t about adding diverse content – it’s about telling the truth: truth about the roots of white supremacy, about global histories and contributions, and about the systemic barriers that harm marginalised children daily.

When schools silence conversations or refuse to acknowledge racism, they create unsafe spaces. Anti-racist practice must become part of safeguarding training, staff culture, and classroom discussions. Students should never feel their identity is ‘too political’ to discuss or their experiences are ignored.

The Scale of the Problem

The numbers are stark:

  • In 2019, the NSPCC reported that incidents of racial abuse and racist bullying of children had risen by a fifth within four years. 
  • In 2021, the Guardian reported that UK schools recorded 60,177 racist incidents in a five-year period (Anti-bullying Alliance)
  • A 2020 World Economic Forum report found 95% of young Black British people have witnessed racist language in education. (Forum)
  • According to the Department for Education, Black Caribbean pupils are up to three times more likely to be excluded than their white peers (gov.uk).

Yet, many schools still treat racist incidents as isolated behaviour problems rather than safeguarding red flags.

Why Racism is a Safeguarding Concern

  • Radicalisation Risk: Extremism targets isolated, angry, or vulnerable children, grooming them with online narratives that can spread through classrooms.
  • Chronic Trauma: Racism’s impact isn’t a one-off bruise – it creates long-term psychological harm, raising rates of anxiety, depression, and physical health issues.
  • Unsafe Environments: When students see racism dismissed or ignored, they stop reporting it. Silence doesn’t mean equality; it signals danger.

A child who doesn’t feel safe being themselves is not safeguarded. Schools must explicitly name racism in safeguarding policies and act with urgency.

Moving Beyond Performative Action

Assemblies and diversity displays are not enough. Anti-racist practice must be embedded into school culture. Senior leaders should model vulnerability, showing staff and students that it’s okay to feel uncomfortable when confronting prejudice. Teachers must be empowered to respond to racism confidently, while safeguarding teams must be trained to treat racist abuse with the same seriousness as other forms of harm.

Practical Steps for Schools & Teachers

  1. Embed Anti-Racism in Safeguarding Training
    • Include racist bullying, harassment, and microaggressions in safeguarding protocols.
    • Train staff on how to document, escalate, and resolve cases effectively.
  2. Create Anonymous Reporting Channels
    • Allow students to report racism through secure, anonymous forms or ‘trusted adult’ programs.
    • Ensure reporting leads to visible action to build trust.
  3. Audit School Culture and Discipline
    • Analyse sanctions, exclusions, and behaviour logs for racial bias.
    • Survey students on whether they feel safe and valued.
  4. Actively Celebrate Identity
    • Representation shouldn’t be tokenistic or restricted to a single month. Displays, assemblies, and lessons should celebrate diversity all year round.
  5. Partner with Communities
    • Collaborate with local advocacy groups, parents, and faith leaders to create a united, culturally competent safeguarding network.

Long-Term Steps to Discuss and Implement

  1. Mandatory Racial Literacy and Trauma-Informed Training
    • Establish ongoing professional development for all staff, governors, and leadership teams.
    • Include practical anti-bias strategies, restorative approaches, and equity-based leadership skills.
  2. Curriculum Reform and Decolonisation
    • Conduct curriculum audits to identify gaps, Eurocentric bias, and opportunities to embed global histories and diverse voices across all subjects.
    • Create working groups that include teachers, students, and parents to co-develop inclusive resources.
  3. Embed Equity into School Policies
    • Ensure behaviour, uniform, and attendance policies are reviewed annually for cultural bias.
    • Introduce an anti-racism charter, making equity a measurable school-wide goal.
  4. Equitable Recruitment and Retention
    • Develop strategies to hire and support staff from marginalised backgrounds.
    • Introduce mentorship programs and leadership pipelines to diversify senior leadership teams.
  5. Student Voice and Leadership Structures
    • Formalise pupil-led diversity and equity councils with genuine decision-making power.
    • Include students in policy discussions, curriculum planning, and cultural initiatives.
  6. Partnerships with Universities and Cultural Organisations
    • Collaborate with museums, archives, and community-led organisations to integrate local and hidden histories into learning.
    • Use these partnerships to expand professional development opportunities for staff.
  7. Data-Driven Accountability
    • Track racial disparities in exclusions, attainment, and access to enrichment opportunities.
    • Publish anonymised annual reports to maintain transparency and measure progress.
  8. Wellbeing Infrastructure
    • Create a system of proactive pastoral care to address the emotional toll of racism on students and staff.
    • Offer external counselling, mentoring, and safe spaces for reflection and healing.

Authors, Poets & Works to Teach

Bringing diverse voices into the curriculum is a powerful anti-racist action. Consider introducing:

  • Akala – Natives: Race and Class in the Ruins of Empire (critical nonfiction for older students).
  • Kayo Chingonyi – Kumukanda, a tender and nostalgic collection exploring Black identity, masculinity, and heritage.
  • Malorie Blackman – Noughts & Crosses series, a compelling exploration of racism and justice.
  • Claudia Rankine – Citizen, poetry that captures microaggressions and systemic inequality.
  • Dean Atta – The Black Flamingo, a verse novel celebrating identity and self-expression.
  • Benjamin Zephaniah – Poems such as The British, exploring multiculturalism and belonging.
  • Patrice Lawrence – Orangeboy, a gripping novel about youth identity, loyalty, and race in the UK.

Did You Know?

Britain’s multicultural history long predates Windrush:

  • John Blanke: A Black trumpeter in Henry VIII’s court, documented in royal artwork and paid a musician’s wage in the 1500s.
  • Mary Prince: The first Black woman to publish an autobiography in Britain (1831), a pivotal voice in the abolition movement.
  • Walter Tull: One of Britain’s first Black professional footballers and the first Black officer to lead white troops in WWI.

These stories remind us that diversity isn’t new – it is woven into Britain’s history.

Call for Support

Safeguarding means every child feels safe to exist as themselves. Parents, governors, and communities need to be part of this conversation. Anti-racism is not a ‘school initiative’; it goes beyond the gates. Schools should partner with grassroots organisations, listen to marginalised voices, and build trust that extends into families and local communities. 

The stakes are too high to ignore. Racism must be treated with the same gravity as abuse or neglect, because its effects can be just as devastating. Schools are in a unique position to interrupt these cycles by becoming proactive, empathetic, and brave. Yet, policymakers must back this with funding, training, and clear frameworks, but every teacher already has the power to make a difference:

  • Believe students when they share their experiences.
  • Advocate for systemic change.
  • Build safe, inclusive spaces where every voice is valued.

Schools are uniquely placed to break cycles of harm, disrupt extremism, and model empathy for the next generation.

A motto to guide your practice after this reading: Safety is not silence; true safeguarding starts with uncomfortable truth.

by Hannah Wilson

Belonging in the Classroom: responding to a divided world

Zahara Chowdhury portrait

Written by Zahara Chowdhury

Zahara is founder and editor of the blog and podcast, School Should Be, a platform that explores a range of topics helping students, teachers and parents on how to ‘adult well’, together. She is a DEI lead across 2 secondary schools and advises schools on how to create positive and progressive cultures for staff and students. Zahara is a previous Head of English, Associate Senior Leader and Education and Wellbeing Consultant.

It’s a Sunday morning—my favourite time of the week. Coffee in hand (with collagen and creatine, of course), I wander around the house while the kids are already asking for ice cream, Lego time, and the TV (yes, it’s only 8am). Usually, this part of the day comes with a little doom-scrolling, some memes, and a few oddly satisfying cleaning videos. But today feels different.

As I scroll, I’m pulled into two completely different worlds. On Instagram, images from Tommy Robinson’s Unite The Nation march flood my feed. The night before, I found myself double-checking the doors and windows—just in case. On LinkedIn, meanwhile, notifications are pinging from the brilliant Anti-Racism Conference, hosted by The Black Curriculum and Belonging Effect. Two events. Same time. Same city. Entirely different realities.

It’s hard to put into words what many of us—especially those who are ‘othered’—are carrying right now. When I speak to friends and colleagues, the feelings range from sadness and fear to resilience, resistance, and even indifference. For me, the world feels both tragic and surreal. I’m tired and frustrated. But I’m also hopeful.

One book that always grounds me is The Courage of Compassion by Robin Steinberg. It reminds us that courage means listening deeply, even to those who are different from us—or against us—and meeting that difference with compassion.

And yet, there’s an uncomfortable truth here. Too often, minoritised communities are expected to model empathy and moral “goodness,” as if our belonging depends on it. That expectation is unfair. Still, when I think about it, many of us would still choose courage, compassion, and calm clarity—because that’s who we are.

Yesterday’s conference reaffirmed why education matters so much in moments like this. Now more than ever, educators, schools, and communities need to unite and connect. This isn’t just about curriculum—it’s about safeguarding, wellbeing, and ensuring every student feels safe, included, and able to thrive.

How Schools Can Respond

Address the elephant in the room.

Some students and staff will feel anxious or upset about the march. Others may feel proud. Many won’t have noticed at all. But silence sends the wrong message. Even if only a few people are directly affected, everyone benefits when schools acknowledge what’s happening.

David Hermitt, former MAT CEO, once told me: teachers, at their core, want to do the right thing. They care about their students and about society. That care means opening the conversation.

You might:

  • Share a short message with tutors, acknowledging the march and reiterating your school values—respect, inclusion, safety.
  • Create space for discussion, whether through tutor time or optional drop-in sessions.
  • Adapt to your context—no one knows your students better than you.

Keep parents in the loop

A simple message goes a long way. Reassure families that student safety remains your priority. Remind them of your school values. Invite them to share concerns—listening to parental voice is valuable, even if it feels daunting.

Harness parental representation

Cultural representation in schools makes a lasting difference. Pamela Aculey-Kosminsky recalls her mum coming into school in traditional Ghanaian dress, sharing food and heritage. My own mum did the same, later becoming a governor. These grassroots connections build community in powerful ways.

Connect with community leaders

Reach out to local faith leaders, organisers, and community champions. They can humanise difficult issues, counter misinformation, and build bridges between groups.

Invest in staff confidence

Staff need space to prepare for conversations around race, politics, and inclusion. It’s not always easy to make room for CPD, but it pays off in the long run—both for teachers and students.

Finding Hope in Difficult Times

The world feels overwhelming: the Unite The Nation march, the ongoing genocide in Gaza, violence in Sudan and Congo, the murder of Charlie Kirk, the sexual assault and attack on a Sikh woman told she “does not belong,” ICE raids, the memory of George Floyd and Sarah Everard. It feels dystopian.

But maybe hope isn’t naïve. On a global scale, things feel broken. But on a local scale, in our schools and communities, we still have power. We can create safe, compassionate spaces, even when the world feels anything but.

If you’re wondering where to start, here are a few resources that can help:

This is an ongoing conversation and work we need to do collaboratively. If you have any resources or best practice examples, please share them. If you have questions or need support, please reach out—we are here to support, advise, or simply to have a chat.

by Hannah Wilson

Fostering Hope and Resilience through Third-Wave Positive Psychology in Schools

Melanie Gentles portrait

Written by Melanie Gentles

Melanie Gentles is a Positive Psychology Practitioner and School Leader with a Master’s degree in Applied Positive Psychology from Buckinghamshire New University, UK. Her work bridges research and practice, focusing on how psychological resources such as hope can foster resilience, wellbeing and personal growth—particularly within Black communities and culturally diverse contexts.

As a co-author of the recent study Exploring the Experiences of Hope among Young Black British Female Adult Racial Justice Activists, published in the European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, I’m deeply passionate about how our findings can illuminate the path forward for educational spaces. Our research explores hope not as a vague ideal, but as a powerful mechanism for recovery, action and growth. It captures the emotional complexity of activism and the vital role education plays in nurturing and sustaining hope. 

This work resonates strongly with the principles of Third-Wave Positive Psychology (TWPP), which brings a more holistic, socially aware perspective to understanding human wellbeing. In this framework, schools are not just places of academic instruction but can become incubators of resilience, justice and community. They can offer students the tools to navigate the realities of racial discrimination with strength and purpose.  

Looking Beyond the Individual to Understand Hope 

Our study centered on the lived experiences of young Black British female racial justice activists and reflects the core values of TWPP. Unlike earlier approaches in positive psychology that often emphasised individual traits or isolated wellbeing, this third wave emphasises complexity. It recognises that wellbeing exists within cultural contexts, social systems and historical structures. 

The hope we examined in our research did not emerge in spite of adversity, nor was it separate from feelings of pain, anger or exhaustion. Instead, it existed alongside them. These activists demonstrated a hope that was deeply rooted in a collective struggle. It was practical, forward-looking and responsive to the realities of racial injustice. Rather than denying hardship, it acknowledged it and used it as fuel for action. 

This orientation toward action is a hallmark of TWPP. It moves beyond personal optimism to ask how individuals and communities can create meaningful change. In this way, our findings challenge schools to see hope not as a soft or sentimental emotion, but as a powerful, transformative force—especially for students facing systemic adversity.  

Supporting Students Through a TWPP-Informed Lens 

The implications of this work for schools are profound. When educators understand hope through the TWPP perspective, they gain new tools for supporting pupils who are grappling with the effects of racial discrimination. This begins with the recognition that healing and empowerment are inseparable from justice and agency. 

Creating Space for Real Emotions 

Students need to feel that their experiences are seen and taken seriously. TWPP urges us to validate young people’s emotional responses to discrimination. This includes acknowledging anger, grief and frustration, as well as celebrating their strength and defiance. By offering safe, respectful spaces for students to express themselves, schools help lay the groundwork for hope to take root. 

Empowering Students to Act 

Hope is more than a feeling—it’s a belief that change is possible and that one has the tools to pursue it. Schools can foster this belief by helping pupils recognise their own agency and develop strategies to navigate challenges. Some ways to do this include: 

  • Giving students meaningful opportunities to share their experiences and advocate for change within the school 
  • Teaching practical problem-solving and self-advocacy skills, including how to report discrimination and seek support 
  • Introducing students to role models—past and present—who have confronted injustice and inspired progress 

Supporting Growth After Trauma 

Our study also showed that hope can be a pathway to resilience and post-traumatic growth. For students who have experienced racism, recovery is not about erasing the trauma but about transforming it. Schools can play a vital role in this process by offering support that is both culturally aware and trauma informed. This includes mental health resources, mentorship and community connections that affirm students’ identities and experiences.  

Reimagining Education as a Catalyst for Hope 

Education, when approached intentionally, can be a powerful vehicle for hope. This means going beyond curriculum reform and embedding justice, dignity and belonging into the entire educational environment. 

Developing Anti-Racist Curricula 

Schools must commit to challenging dominant narratives and offering diverse, inclusive content. This helps students make sense of systemic injustice and strengthens their understanding of the broader world. An anti-racist curriculum celebrates marginalised voices and equips students with critical tools for analysis and empathy. 

Building Advocacy Skills 

Equipping pupils with the skills to advocate for themselves and their communities reinforces their sense of agency. This includes communication, critical thinking, civic engagement and organising skills. These are not extracurricular—they are essential for meaningful citizenship and long-term wellbeing. 

Fostering a Sense of Belonging 

Perhaps most crucially, schools must create environments where all students feel seen, valued and safe. Belonging is not a luxury; it is foundational for learning and thriving. When students know they matter, they are more likely to believe in their future and to act with purpose and confidence. 

Hope as a Pathway to Justice and Flourishing 

Through the lens of Third-Wave Positive Psychology, hope emerges as a deeply grounded and pragmatic force. It helps students navigate real challenges—not by ignoring injustice but by actively responding to it. Our study highlights how hope can support pupils in reclaiming power, building community and imagining new possibilities, even in the face of adversity. 

In today’s schools, cultivating hope is not optional. It is a necessary part of helping all young people—especially those confronting systemic racism—find their voice, resilience and capacity for change.  

Reference 

Gentles, M. J., & Sims, C. (2025). Exploring the Experiences of Hope among Young Black British Female Adult Racial Justice Activists. European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 9(4). 

by Hannah Wilson

What I’ve Learned About DEI and Education Since Founding Inclusion Labs

Temi Akindele portrait

Written by Temi Akindele Barker

Temi Akindele Barker is the founder of Inclusion Labs, an organisation dedicated to amplifying every voice and co-creating a more inclusive future by using data as a foundation for change. Inclusion Labs partners with schools to gather, share, and activate insights from DEI surveys, driving meaningful and measurable change. Temi began her career as a consultant in Legal Executive Search, working in both the UK and internationally. She led senior teams serving US and UK law firms as well as financial institutions, helping local and multinational clients achieve their strategic goals.

Over the past few years, I’ve worked with schools across the UK (and beyond), collecting unfiltered experiences from every stakeholder – students, parents, staff, and leadership. We gather data across race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion/belief, socio-economic status, disability, and more. No shortcuts. No hierarchy of oppression. It’s been eye-opening. Often heartbreaking. Occasionally enraging. Frequently hopeful. Always necessary.

Here’s some of what I’ve learned:

  1. Truth hurts. But it’s the only way forward
    The flurry of statements after BLM and Everyone’s Invited felt urgent, but many faded fast. I’ve seen the sector swing from apathy to panic to action and back again. DEI work can’t solely be reactive. It must be rooted in truth, which is uncomfortable but essential. You can’t solve what you don’t understand. You can’t challenge what you don’t even know to question. You have to invite the conversations in (especially when uncomfortable) and create space to listen and learn. If you’re afraid to know the truth about your school’s culture, you’re not really being inclusive.
  2. Passion > £££
    Most school DEI leads have no budget. Many don’t even have ring-fenced time. What they do have in spades is passion and purpose. Some come from marginalised backgrounds, and most carry a personal “why.” It’s often a lonely, thankless task, yet they keep going. In our recent report, 20,000+ voices were gathered, supported by fewer than 30 DEI leads. Let that sink in. This work is fraught with differing opinions, often delivered unkindly. Yet these leads show up, time after time, with care and courage. They embody: it doesn’t have to happen to you for it to matter to you.
  3. There’s joy and pain in having inclusion in your name
    I named our organisation Inclusion Labs, and meant it. But it carries weight and expectations. “You call yourselves Inclusion Labs; you should have X as an option.” People assume your politics, your beliefs. Sometimes, you’re the only one in the room who sees the full picture. This work means accepting that you can never fully capture all the ways in which communities are diverse. And more importantly, it is not our job to decide whether someone’s identity is valid.
    We are not here to judge or politicise – our role is to reflect back to schools who their community says they are right now. That comes with challenges. We might exclude someone by not including a category they feel represents them. Or offend someone else who believes listing too many categories is fundamentally wrong (“Why does sexual orientation have eight options?”)
    But our job isn’t to gatekeep identity. It’s to hold space for both. And yes, that might mean someone gets offended.
  4. Everyone must have a say. Even the ones you wish wouldn’t
    DEI isn’t about echo chambers, so we don’t censor. We share every insight with schools – good, bad, ugly, bigoted. We’ve heard testimonies that are beautiful, funny, painful, hopeful, and some that are outright offensive. Everyone having a say means… everyone has a say. Some comments I’ll carry with me for life. Some made me laugh out loud (high five to primary students). Others made me cry with heartbreak. Doing this work has made me cry more in the past few years than in all the previous ones combined. I’ve said it once, I’ll say it again – doing this work, you see the best and worst of humanity.
  5. Yes, there are (racist, homophobic, ableist…) teachers
    Let’s just name it. Schools are a microcosm of society – they hold its brilliance and its bias. So yes, there are bigots in schools. It’s uncomfortable to admit. And yes, it’s disorienting to realise these individuals are tasked with teaching and supporting children. Sometimes you wonder: who among us is that person? But often the worst attitude comes from parents (who also choose to share views that are racist, homophobic, ableist…). Even inclusion surveys spark outrage – “Are you indoctrinating our children?” What they – in fact all of us – need to accept is that at any given moment, there might be one person that needs this work to be done – whether it’s for support, for correction, or for education (staff and parents included).
  6. You will fail. You’re allowed to fail.
    We need to stop demanding perfection. Schools aren’t DEI think tanks. They are made up of teachers trying to do their best with limited time, budget, and under incredible pressure. They will get it wrong. And that’s okay. We shouldn’t demand perfection – just passion and determination. Effort. Commitment. Willingness. That’s all we should ask. This work isn’t about perfection. It’s about progress. And mistakes will happen. We need to stop weaponising mistakes and start using them to fuel better choices. Because when a school gets it right, the wins feel that much better.
  7. Same same, but different
    Are the issues really that different from school to school? No – and yes. Same issues, different proportions. Every school has racism. Every school has sexism. Every school has kids struggling with identity, belonging, being “othered.” The difference lies in what schools do or have done with those truths. Our recent report highlighted the 15 most pressing themes from stakeholders themselves (what mattered most to them). Most schools will attempt to address some or all of them, but to varying degrees and success.
  8. Sometimes you need to get out of the way
    Those with lived experience: your voice matters. But anger (while valid) can create fear. And fear kills progress. If everyone’s too afraid to speak or try, if no one’s willing to step forward or take a risk, nothing changes and no one moves forward. Sometimes, we need to turn our pain into possibility and let clarity, not chaos, lead the way.
  9. Sometimes it’s just a distraction tactic
    Once at a school session, I told an anecdote about a maths teacher who asked if DEI work applied to them. They felt that certain subjects naturally fell under this area (English, History, PSHE) but they could not see this so clearly for their subject. I will not bore you with the details of our conversation, but needless to say, I shared this story to make the point that DEI is not reserved for English or PSHE. But I later heard that some maths teachers felt personally attacked, as they felt it positioned them as lacking empathy. A landmine I didn’t see coming. Dare I say, ridiculous to the fullest extent – and designed to be just that: a distraction. (And for clarification – maths teachers have empathy).
  10. DEI awards are (mostly) nonsense
    Let’s be honest: a lot of DEI awards are performative. Some are paid-for nonsense. I’ve had countless offers with no real understanding of our work – for a small fee, of course! If you want validation as a school? If you need to know who you can trust to do the work and do it well? Then word of mouth, every time.

Finally…
Inclusion is never about just schools. It’s always been about society. If we can embed inclusive values, attitudes and behaviours in our school communities – from 5-year-olds through to governors – then we stand a chance at changing the wider world. This sector has more work to do. So, continue listening. Continue telling the truth. Refuse to shut up. Keep calm and carry on.

by Hannah Wilson

Ten years of ‘No Outsiders’ assemblies: driving inclusion at a whole school level

Andrew Moffat portrait

Written by Andrew Moffat

Andrew Moffat has been teaching for 25 years and is currently PD Lead at Excelsior MAT. He is the author of “No Outsiders in our school: Teaching the Equality Act in Primary Schools” and “No Outsiders: everyone different, everyone welcome”. In 2017 Andrew was awarded a MBE for services to equality and diversity in education and in 2019 he was listed as a top ten finalist in the Varkey Foundation Global Teacher Prize.

No Outsiders assemblies are 10 years old this month! Hooray! This is amazing – it’s gone by in a flash and I can remember each one like it was only yesterday … all 693 of them and with over 300,000 views.

The point of a No Outsiders assembly is to make the ethos real. The No Outsiders scheme is based on 43 picture books with a progression of lesson plans written for children in Reception to Year 6. The picture books are great; I’m using some wonderful authors and classic reads in there. Some of the picture books are based on real life stories, but it’s still different to discussing a photo taken of a real person in the last week. 

I realized in the early days of introducing the scheme in my school, that the lesson plans were not enough. You can’t build a whole school ethos on 6 lesson plans in each year group spread over the year; you need a weekly inclusion injection. Assemblies are the way to do this – everyone together discussing and driving the inclusive narrative. My aim was to find interesting current pictures to discuss with children and find ways to reach a ‘No Outsiders’ conclusion: “That’s why we say there are no outsiders here- everyone is welcome.” The assemblies became a key driver in our effort to develop the inclusive language and understanding. Everyone attended the weekly assemblies, and I encouraged staff to comment and relate to their own experiences in front of the children. Furthermore, as all the teachers were in the assembly, they would be referencing it throughout the week with their class.

I was worried when I first started doing the assemblies that we were summarising with the same sort of conclusion every week and I was reflecting whether children might get bored and start blandly replying, “No Outsiders” to every question, but it never happened. Even so, I started thinking about better questions and discussions; foster empathy skills and critical thinking; get a debate going with the children- ‘why does that person think that?’ and give them space to consider new and different ideas to their own. 

Oracy changed everything. I remember attending an oracy inset at my school in about 2021 and it was a game changer. The oracy lead at the time suggested we worked together and used No Outsiders assemblies to teach oracy and it was a perfect solution to both our aims. 

The aim in oracy is to teach children to speak; to use sentence stems and articulate their feelings; to agree and disagree. Disagreeing is ok as long as you disagree respectfully. This was key for No Outsiders because I could put in to practice this idea that different opinions were ok as long as you voiced them with respect and non-judgement. The ability to hold two points of view and balance opinions has always been central to a no outsiders ethos- I’m not teaching children what to think; rather I am teaching children to think. Now, using oracy, I had strategies and literally scripts (sentence stems) that I could use to encourage children to see other points of view and articulate those points of view in a reasoned manner, without necessarily agreeing with those points of view.

The first No Outsiders assembly was published on June 27th 2015. Looking back at my first attempt., it’s very different to the No Outsiders assemblies I am publishing today. It’s short, there are few questions and there is no attempt at recognising different points of view. Still, it’s a good first attempt and interesting to see how far we have come since June 2015.

Here it is (June 27th 2015): https://no-outsiders-assembly.blogspot.com/2015/06/assembly-picture-1-british-values.html

The picture shows a hand holding an old photo at chest height of an army squad. The focus is on the photo and the medals pinned to the jacket of the person holding up the photo. We can’t see their face.

Our activity:

Sword Beach, France Normandy veteran Alan King, from the Norwich and District NVA, holds a photo of himself (front second left) and his comrades from B Company taken on VE Day 1945, as dozens of British veterans made a cross-Channel pilgrimage to Normandy to honour the legacy of comrades killed in the D-Day landings 71 years ago. Photograph: Jonathan Brady/PA

  • Who is this man?
  • Why does he wear medals?
  • Who do you think is in the photo he holds?
  • What happened on June  6th 1944?
  • Why does Alan King want this photo to be seen?
  • What do you think are his feelings about that time?

The obvious change over the last 10 years is the development of questions. I would still use the photo today but if I were writing this assembly in 2025, the questioning would be completely different. Here’s a plan using the same picture but ten years on. The questions to ask the children use italics. 

Our activity:

  • What do you see in the picture? What do you think this story is about?
  • There are two pictures here, how do you think they are related?

The photo shows Alan King who is a France Normandy Veteran.

  • What is a Veteran?
  • What does “France Normandy” mean – what famous event happened on the beaches at Normandy in WW2?

Alan holds a picture showing his comrades, taken on VE day in 1945. Alan is in the picture on the front row, second left.

  • Why do you think Alan is holding this picture?
  • What is VE day, what does it stand for and what happened on that day?
  • We can’t see Alan’s face in the photo today; we just see his medals and the old Alan in the photo he holds. Why do you think the photographer chose to do this?
  • Do you think the photographer should have sown Alan’s face? What are the arguments for and against this decision?

This photo of Alan was taken in 2015 as dozens of veterans crossed the English channel to Normandy to honour the legacy of comrades killed in the D-Day landings on June 6th 1944.

  • What were the D-Day landings, what happened on that day?
  • Why do you think veterans chose to make the crossing again 71 years later?
    • On the day in 1944 how many people do you think were involved in the crossing? (there were 175,000 soldiers involved.) Why only dozens today?
  • Why do we still remember that time when it was so long ago? Why not forget about it?
  • What can we learn from Alan?
  • Why is this about No Outsiders?
  • Which British value is this about?

I love the questions about the focus of the image- why can’t we see Alan’s face? This is a great debate, and we can encourage pupils to think about and articulate both sides of the argument using sentence stems such as:

  • “I would like to start by saying…”
  •  “I can see both sides: on the one hand, ___________, on the other…”
  • “One argument might be…”
  • “Building on…”
  • “That’s an interesting point, have you thought about…”

Today I always end my assemblies with the two questions, “Why is this about No Outsiders?” and, “Which British value is this about?” to ground the discussion in our school and link it back to the experience of the children in school. 

So, how should I finish this ten year anniversary blog post? It can only be to choose 5 of my favourite assemblies. It’s an impossible task to choose 5 out of over 500 so I will select 5 assemblies that reflected key events at the time. A key strength of these assemblies is I can write them quickly in response to any news event that I think schools need to talk about. I can respond right away, and schools can use the resource the next day. 

1 – The death of Queen Elizabeth II

The photo shows thousands of people congregating outside Buckingham Palace.

I struggled at first to think of an angle that linked to No Outsiders and then when commentators kept referring to the stability and constant presence that the Queen represented in their lives, I realised my focus could be on how equality laws and attitudes have changed while she was on the throne and also how people from different backgrounds felt the same way about her. This assembly is by far the most viewed assembly of the last ten years. https://no-outsiders-assembly.blogspot.com/2022/09/queen-elizabeth-ii-1926-2022.html

I did meet the Queen in 2017 when I received a MBE. I had about one minute with her, and she asked what I did in school. I told her what No Outsiders was aiming for and how we taught it in schools – I got in the protected characteristics and British Values! I think she didn’t quite know what to say at first and my boyfriend in the audience who was watching said you could see her concentrating and thinking of a reply. Then she said, “Very important for all our futures, I should think.”

2 – England losing the Euros final 2024

The photo shows Gareth Southgate in a kit on a pitch cheering. The impression is he has just scored a goal.

The Euro final between England and Spain was held on a Sunday evening in July 2024 and I knew that the game was going to be the only topic of conversation in school the next day. It had to be the theme for the Monday morning assembly, but I didn’t want to be writing an assembly at 10:00 on a Sunday evening about the result. I needed an assembly that could be used in schools the next day regardless of the result. 

I found a fantastic article on radio 4 about Gareth Southgate and a speech he gives to the players in the changing room before every match. In the speech, Gareth talks about what it means to be English and about Pride in the game. He also says this:

“I am the England men’s football team manager. I have a responsibility to the wider community to use my voice and so do the players. It’s their duty to interact with the public on matters such as equality, inclusivity, racial injustice, while using the power of their voices to help put debates on the table; to raise awareness and educate.”

A Head teacher contacted me after using this assembly to say it visibly lifted the children on Monday morning after they came in despondent and disappointed because of the result. That was exactly the response I hope for. This assembly became the third most viewed of the ten years.

3 – General elections

The photo shows Prime Minister Theresa May standing alongside Lord Bucket Head at the count in her constituency for the general election.

General elections give us a wonderful opportunity to talk about British values and this picture from 2017 says it all. It’s a perfect vehicle to get children discussing democracy and how it works. 

The assembly also referenced Mr Fish Finger who stood in Westmorland and Lonsdale.  Questions to consider included:

  • 37,469 more people voted for Theresa May than voted for Lord Buckethead; why?
  • Do you think Lord Buckethead and Mr Fishfinger wanted to win?
  • Why do you think Mr Fishfinger and Lord Buckethead stood for election?
  • Some people voted for either Mr Fishfinger or Lord Buckethead. Did their votes count? Why?
  • Should Lord Buckethead and Mr Fishfinger be allowed to take part in elections? What would happen if they won?
  • What does this story demonstrate about democracy in the UK?
  • Why is this about No Outsiders?

4 – Fish and Chips

The photo shows Gary Lineker in a cafe tucking in to a plate of fish and chips.

When the horrific violence against refugees erupted last summer in Southport and across the country, I published assemblies for schools to use when they returned in September. In the autumn term 2024 I was invited by a school in Southport to deliver No Outsiders training to their staff. Five other local schools joined the training and the local police also came. 

This assembly was a direct response to any voices arguing refugees are not welcome, by making clear how England has benefitted from refugees. In a short video, Gary Lineker celebrates National Fish and Chip day, by asking where all the food on his plate originates.

I recently asked the Head Teacher of the school where I delivered training to reflect on the impact of that training a year later and here is his response: 

“The No Outsiders programme has had a huge impact at our school. The assemblies are fresh, relevant and provide wonderful opportunities for interactive assemblies that cover vital issues. In addition, the units of work for classrooms provide a depth of discussion that has really improved provision at our school. The programme has been embraced by the whole school community and is one of the most positive things we have undertaken in the last few years.”

5 – Start of a school year

The photo shows a sky dive formation involving 113 people making a flower shape in the sky.

The most re-used assembly of the last ten years has placed this one as the second most viewed overall. It’s perfect for the first assembly of a new school year. I find small ways to update it every time I repost, but the essence remains the same. It uses a photo of a world record flower formation skydive performed by an international crew and asks what is the impact when people of different nationality, gender, religion etc work together. Why don’t all the black sky divers stay together, and the white sky divers stay together? The flower formation took 13 attempts to get right; why didn’t they give up after 5?

There’s also a lone figure top left who is not part of the formation – who are they, what are they doing? What do you think people are shouting to them? My most recent update included questions about how the photo was taken- from what angle and form where? And how long would the divers have to make the formation? What can we learn from them?

https://ks1no-outsiders-assembly.blogspot.com/2024/09/start-of-school-year.html

I want to say thank you to anyone who has used a No Outsiders assembly over the last ten years and also to anyone who has got in touch to give feedback. I can’t see a time when I won’t be writing and publishing these assemblies; I think I’ll be writing them long after I am retired! The assemblies still give me joy both to write and deliver, and when things get challenging in the world outside, they give me hope. These assemblies are my way of saying “It’s going to be ok – we can get through this together. Together we are strong.”

Here’s to the next ten years. Cheers!

Signposting: 

No Outsiders assemblies are published weekly free to access on the No Outsiders website www.no-outsiders.com

Andrew Moffat also sends assemblies in powerpoint form to schools on a mailing list each week. To join the free mailing list and receive the power points, contact Andrew on his school email a.moffat@excelsiormat.org

by Hannah Wilson

Diversifying School Lettings to Build a Connected Community

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Written by School Space

School Space is a social enterprise and school lettings provider that is on a mission to build thriving schools at the centre of thriving communities. They help schools generate vital additional funds through lettings while strengthening their role as diverse and inclusive community hubs.

When people think of school lettings, they often picture a sports hall hosting a local badminton club or football teams using the pitches. However, schools can serve as much more than just sports venues—they have the potential to become vibrant community hubs that foster inclusion and accessibility for all.

Opening school spaces for community use is a powerful way to support local initiatives, celebrate diversity, and allow members of your surrounding community to build meaningful social connections. 

With their accessible and versatile facilities, schools are uniquely positioned to accommodate a broad range of activities that reflect the needs of their local area. 

The main question is—what’s missing from your current lettings programme?

Here are some ideas to get you started:

Challenging Gender Stereotypes and Access to Sport

Initiatives like Pro2Pro Academy, which creates opportunities for young girls to get into football, are a great example of how schools can use their facilities to break down barriers in traditionally male-dominated sports. But inclusivity in sports goes beyond football. Consider hosting women’s self-defence classes, male netball teams, or LGBTQ+ friendly fitness sessions. Partnering with existing hirers or reaching out to local organisations promoting equal engagement in sports can help broaden participation.

Supporting Local Parents and Caregivers

Lettings can be a lifeline for new parents seeking support and connection. Schools can offer space for pre and postnatal classes, parent-and-toddler groups, and early learning sessions, providing valuable social interaction for both children and caregivers. Facilitating these gatherings can help reduce social isolation and build a strong support network.

Celebrating Cultural Identity and Traditions

Cultural and faith-based groups are essential to a thriving, diverse community. Schools can ensure their lettings reflect and embrace the richness of their local area by welcoming groups from different cultural backgrounds. This might mean hosting a Pentecostal Church for Sunday services, providing classrooms for an Arabic School, or offering an activity studio for Bollywood dance classes. Likewise, a Turkish Language School running weekend sessions or a Jewish community group hosting cultural events can help ensure that local traditions, languages, and heritage are celebrated within the school environment so that all community members feel seen, valued, and represented.

Engaging with Initiatives Supporting Disadvantaged Groups

Schools can support vulnerable young people by offering space for skills development, educational opportunities, and social programs. This could include partnering with charities for mentorship, job readiness workshops, or creative activities that encourage self-expression. Ensuring all young people have access to resources that enhance their confidence, independence, and future prospects is a meaningful way for schools to make a lasting impact.

Generating Opportunities for All Age Groups

Finally, community lettings should extend beyond students and cater to people of all ages. Schools can become hubs for lifelong learning and hobbies by offering activities that cater to different life stages and interests. Schools should actively seek to diversify their lettings portfolio so that the whole community can benefit from the facilities on offer.

To create a more inclusive and engaging facility hire service, consider these practical steps:

  • Establish a fair and transparent booking process to ensure equal access. 
  • Ensure spaces are wheelchair-friendly with flexible layouts to meet varied needs. 
  • Offer affordable pricing and charity discounts to encourage broader participation. 
  • Work with hirers to provide free or discounted sessions for low-income families. 
  • Make rental agreements clear and inclusive.
  • Train staff in cultural competency to ensure all visitors feel welcome. 
  • Vet all hirers to align with inclusivity principles and British values. 
  • Promote available spaces through diverse channels, such as social media, local forums, print media, and displaying on-site banners.

Schools have the potential to do more than just provide spaces for activities—they can boost engagement, break down barriers, and create equal opportunities for all. By embracing a broader approach to lettings, they can strengthen community ties and drive meaningful social change.

At School Space, we’re proud to support schools in this journey—helping them generate essential funds to reinvest in education and advance their DEI initiatives. Discover School Space’s guide to marketing your facilities and take the first step toward attracting more diverse community partnerships.

by Hannah Wilson

Inclusive leadership - a thought for caregivers

Clare Haly portrait

Written by Clare Haly

With a passion for truly inclusive teaching and learning, Clare has a background in education spanning 20 years. During this time, she has led at a senior level in both secondary and primary settings, improving whole school teaching and learning, cross-curricular literacy and staff development, and most recently Inclusion and SEND.

‘It is just so lonely. The playground, work, the other parents, the judgement and assumptions…It’s exhausting, and yes lonely…’

I am not the first person to comment on the complexities of flexible working. Thankfully voices are being raised that are far louder than mine, and there are some welcome shifts where understanding is beginning to seep in, that perhaps the ‘privilege’ of flexible working may actually be more of a necessity.

I get the challenge for leaders in education, I have lived it. We are teachers, we love our jobs, our vocation, our classes, our children. As if the Leadership do not have enough to think about. Children need excellent teachers in front of them, they require, and deserve consistency. But, and there is a but, it is well documented that teachers are leaving in droves, and this is not just because of the intense pressures of the job itself, but because caregiving responsibilities also really matter. 

‘Family comes first’

There is no silver bullet or magic formula to help those people who find themselves in complex situations managing multiple caregiving roles. And this is not about the stereotype of the ‘working mum trying to have it all’. In the case referenced above, the man I speak of is grieving his wife who died suddenly. He has two sons, one aged 4 and the other just 6 months. This father also has an ageing parent, who is also bereaved and living with Parkinson’s disease. The logistical struggle is obvious. The emotional one is enormous. This man is also excellent at his job. One he cannot do well because of inflexibility at work. Imagine if his place of work was one of welcome and joy and a place where he could thrive within the time he could give knowing that that was enough. Instead he is rushed, stressed, apologetic, clock watching, anxious. Is this the premise for excellent output at work? What would the impact be of such a person in front of a class?

Part time does not mean part competent. Working flexibly does not mean working below par. Flexible working can be done well in schools. But it is yet to be the norm. It takes commitment, forward planning, clever recruitment, budgeting, compassion and a willingness to learn. It demands brave leadership with a trust in one’s staff and in oneself.  But when successful, the outcomes are overwhelmingly positive. When teachers feel invested in, trusted, valued, they thrive. And the impact of a thriving, calm, indeed happy teacher on their pupils is not to be underestimated.  You don’t need me to tell you that. 

What I am questioning is how many of us truly  practise this duty of care to well-being outside of the appraisal system and think holistically about the people that make our schools what they are, and the circumstances they live with outside of school. The amount of time I hear the well meaning phrases ‘family first’, ‘you must look after yourself’ – but in reality, as a caregiver, how is this meant to become your truth? 

‘Middle years’

In Caroline Criado-Perez’ Invisible Women she points out that women in particular, are penalised socially and financially because of the assumed caregiving roles they carry. In our ‘middle years’ particularly, many of us as women, find ourselves not only grappling with the joys and complexities of raising children, but also tending to changing circumstances of family members, for those who become unwell, or the challenges that older age in particular can bring. So this is not about the balance of having children and having a career. This is about having a sense of empathy for the challenges staff face that pull them away from the classroom because they physically cannot be at the helm, rigidly, all the time. We are losing excellent, creative, inspirational practitioners because of a lack of flexibility. 

The impact of stress on our educational colleagues and peers is well documented. The job is challenging enough without the guilt, pressure and constant stream of apology or sense of atonement that manifests itself while trying to juggle multiple adult responsibilities. I applaud those companies, institutions and yes, schools moving to acknowledge that life is not linear and that hours cannot always be rigid. But in education there is still some way to go. 

Care packages and school clubs of course are invaluable and teachers that are also parents and/or caregivers are of course grateful for the support these services offer. But flexible working responds to more than logistics. Flexible working allows for improved wellbeing, not just time management: togetherness within whatever relationship has the need – in all phases of the caregiver spectrum, time for a neurodivergent child, an elderly parent, an unwell spouse; reflection, respite. 

Being a caregiver should not be an alternative to a career in education, and too often teachers have to choose. I believe though that we have enough good educational leaders who have the creativity and courage to find a way to allow, indeed welcome, brilliant teachers back into school flexibly. Again: Part time does not mean part competent, flexible does not mean below par.

If we are to reach our ambition for a truly diverse edu-community then we must always be human first in our approach to how our schools are run. A truly inclusive school will empower their staff through flexible working where it is needed. As ever, it is all too easy to assume we know someone’s story.  We must continue to look beyond appearances, there is always more than meets the eye. 

by Hannah Wilson

My Experience as a Speaker at the Diverse Educators Conference in Scotland: A Step Towards Change

Sadia Hussain-Şavuk portrait

Written by Sadia Hussain-Şavuk

Sadia Hussain-Şavuk, originally a Biology teacher, is now a Diversity, Equality and Inclusion Lead working predominantly with schools within the independent sector providing teacher training, pupil workshops and consultancy in her main area of anti-racism. In addition to this she sits on a number of boards including the BSA/IELA Inclusion Advisory Board and is co-chair of the Curriculum Reforms workstream of the Anti-Racism in Education Programme.

In February, I had the incredible honour of speaking at the inaugural Diverse Educators Conference in Scotland. As the first event of its kind, the conference was a bold and inspiring step towards promoting inclusivity, representation, and meaningful change within education. The atmosphere was charged with energy, optimism, and a deep-seated belief in the power of education to shape a better future for all.

The Power of Positivity

One of the most striking things about the conference was the positivity and passion that the participants brought to the table. Educators from across Scotland, with diverse backgrounds and experiences, gathered together not only to share their ideas but to spark action. There was a sense of unity and purpose that made the event feel more like a movement than a typical conference. As I stood before such an engaged audience, it was incredibly reassuring to see how committed these educators were to making positive changes in their schools, classrooms, and communities. Whether it was promoting inclusivity in the curriculum, advocating for equitable opportunities, or fostering a more diverse learning environment, it was clear that the educators in the room were not just talking about change – they were living it. It’s moments like these that remind me why I became an educator in the first place: to make a difference. And seeing so many others who share that same drive was truly inspiring.

The Challenges We Still Face
Despite the immense positivity, there was an undercurrent of concern that stayed with me throughout the conference. While we celebrated the progress that has been made and the steps that are being taken to make education more inclusive, we cannot ignore the slow pace of change. It is difficult to not feel a sense of frustration when you consider how far we still have to go. Although there are pockets of progress, systemic barriers persist. In many schools, diverse perspectives are still sidelined or tokenised. Too often, young people with marginalised identities still face barriers to success, whether that be in terms of representation, access to resources, or the recognition of their unique challenges. As educators, we know that it’s not enough to simply raise awareness. The real work lies in creating long-term, sustainable change. But when progress is slow, it feels as though we are failing the very students we are meant to serve. The young people of today – those who will shape our tomorrow – are waiting for us to do better. And while I am hopeful for the future, it’s hard to ignore the gap between where we are now and where we need to be.

 A Call to Action
The Diverse Educators Conference served as both a celebration of what’s been achieved and a reminder of the work that remains to be done. I left the event with a renewed sense of purpose, but also a deeper understanding of the urgent need for change. As educators, we must keep pushing the boundaries of what is possible. We must continue to challenge the status quo and demand that every child, regardless of their background, has access to a truly equitable education. We cannot afford to wait for change to happen on its own – we must be the ones to make it happen. The diversity, passion, and commitment I witnessed at the conference filled me with hope, but I also know that it will take all of us – working together, side by side – to ensure that the next generation of students can thrive in an educational system that fully supports their needs and potential. In the end, the Diverse Educators Conference wasn’t just a moment of celebration – it was a call to action. It was a reminder that our work is far from over, and that every step we take towards inclusivity and equity is a step closer to a brighter future for all. Let’s not rest until that future becomes a reality.

by Hannah Wilson

Supreme Court Ruling - Key Information for Educators

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Written by Belonging Effect

Belonging Effect is committed to shaping intention into impact and supporting people with their Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, & Belonging strategy and training needs.

Introduction 

On Wednesday 16th April the UK Supreme Court shared their ruling on the case For Women Scotland Ltd v The Scottish Minister, which interprets the legal definition of the word ‘sex’, as used in the context of The Equality Act 2010. 

Since the court handed down, the ruling has been spoken about extensively in the regulated media, unregulated social media, and in Parliament.

We have read and listened to much of the coverage from diverse sources, and responses to the ruling have ranged widely. Some have exaggerating, misinterpreting or misrepresenting the details of the case, and others have expressed strong emotional reactions, which may act to exacerbate the fear that many trans people are currently experiencing. 

Our intention in this piece is to present the details as accurately and clearly as we can. In order to do so, we have tried to avoid presenting our own opinions in much of the following piece. However, we think it is important to be transparent before we begin. We know trans people, we love them, we live our lives alongside them, and we are deeply concerned about the way this ruling is already impacting their lives. We believe that it is the duty of our government to enact laws which provide workable and inclusive protection from discrimination, and ensure dignity and respect for all people – including transgender people. With that clear, let’s begin.  

Background 

In 2018 the Scottish Government presented a new law, which aimed to get more women on public boards. The Scottish Government included trans women who had obtained a Gender Recognition Certificate (GRC) within this aim, which they felt was in-line with The Equality Act 2010, and the Gender Recognition Act 2004. However, the group For Women Scotland disagreed – they felt The Equality Act 2010’s protected characteristic of ‘sex’, and specifically its use of the word ‘woman’, was not intended when written to include trans women.  

For Women Scotland therefore brought a judicial review to the UK Supreme Court, requesting they review the lawfulness of the Scottish Government’s position in relation to The Equality Act 2010. Therefore, it was the job of the UK Supreme Court to provide a statutory interpretation of the meaning of ‘man’, ‘woman’, and ‘sex’ as used in The Equality Act 2010, and specifically whether that definition includes trans women who have a GRC. 

The Ruling 

The UK Supreme Court unanimously agreed that, for the purposes of interpreting the word ‘sex’ under the Equality Act 2010, Parliament’s intention was to refer to ‘biological sex’ (a term which neither the law or the court defines clearly) rather than legal gender acquired through a GRC. This means that legal protections associated with the characteristic of ‘sex’ may not apply to trans women in most contexts. The decision was made because to include transgender people who have a GRC within The Equality Act 2010 definition would make the law unworkable. 

There are some details of the ruling which we think are important. 

Firstly, the ruling is specifically addressing the definitions as used in The Equality Act 2010. The judge, when handing down the ruling, explained that the origins of the language used in The Equality Act 2010 is the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, which the judge stated, ‘adopted a biological interpretation of the terms men and women’. Note the wording here – the Acts have adopted an interpretation. This ruling does not define what a woman is – it interprets what it means in the specific context of a 15-year-old Act, which pulls on an interpretation used in 1975.

Secondly, this ruling does not justify the discrimination of trans people. The court clarified several times during their hand down that trans people are still protected from discrimination under The Equality Act 2010, which includes ‘Gender Reassignment’ as a protected characteristic. The judge explained that this protection extends to cover trans people whether they have a GRC, or not. Furthermore, there is some legal precedent that non-binary people may also be protected under this characteristic – although this is legal precedent and not case law. The judge also clarified that transgender women can still be protected under the characteristic of ‘sex’ through associated or perceived protections of women. We think it is also important to note that the language used by the judge presenting the ruling was mostly respectful, and used correctly gendered language at all times when talking about trans people – stating clearly that this ruling should not be seen as a triumph for any one group over another. 

Finally, we think it is contextually important to understand that the court system in the UK interprets the laws which are enacted by Parliament. This ruling is thus an interpretation of law, and our current government can clarify this interpretation, or change the law to make it workable and inclusive, should they wish to.  

What does this mean for society, and for schools? 

The legal implication of this ruling is that it is legally possible for provisions of services to be single-sex, and exclude trans men or women. Our understanding is that the Supreme Court ruling does not state provisions of services have to exclude trans people, but they may legally choose to be single-sex provisions if they can demonstrate this is a ‘proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim’, and in such cases these single-sex provisions may legally exclude trans men or women.

In society, this may impact: workplaces; services open to the public such as hospitals, shops, restaurants, leisure facilities, refuges, and counselling services; sporting bodies; schools; and associations (groups or clubs of more than 25 people which have rules of membership). The Equality Human Rights Commission (EHRC) has released an interim update on practical implications of the ruling, in which they suggest that it is compulsory to provide sufficient single-sex toilets in workplaces, and changing and washing facilities where these are needed – this is not compulsory for services that are open to the public. The EHRC interim update suggests that such spaces should be separated based on the Supreme Court interpretation of the Equality Act 2010, meaning that “trans women (biological men) should not be permitted to use the women’s facilities and trans men (biological women) should not be permitted to use the men’s facilities” (please note this is a direct quote of the EHRC guidance, and not language we would choose to use). The guidance goes on to explain that “trans people should not be put in a position where there are no facilities for them to use”, and that “where possible, mixed-sex toilet, washing or changing facilities in addition to sufficient single-sex facilities should be provided”, or facilities in “lockable rooms (not cubicles) which are intended for the use of one person at a time” – these can be used by anybody. The details set out in the EHRC interim guidance were not mandated by the Supreme Court Ruling. However, as stated previously our understanding is that services may legally choose to be single-sex provisions if they can demonstrate this is a ‘proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim’, and in such cases, these single-sex provisions may legally exclude trans people.

In schools, it has never been possible for young people to obtain a GRC, but this ruling may still impact: single-sex schools; school toilets and changing spaces; physical education and sport; and residential accommodation. In each of these areas, our understanding is that a school may now legally choose to hold single-sex spaces, if they can demonstrate that this choice is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim, and in such cases these single-sex spaces may exclude trans young people (or trans staff). The EHRC interim guidance introduced above suggests that schools “must provide separate single-sex toilets for boys and girls over the age of 8” and “single-sex changing facilities for boys and girls over the age of 11”. Following the Supreme Court ruling, the guidance suggests that “pupils who identify as trans girls (biological boys) should not be permitted to use the girls’ toilet or changing facilities, and pupils who identify as trans boys (biological girls) should not be permitted to use the boys’ toilet or changing facilities”. They clarify that “suitable alternative provisions may be required”. Again, please note this is a direct quote of the EHRC guidance, and not language we would choose to use.

The details set out in the EHRC interim guidance were not mandated by the Supreme Court Ruling, but as state previously our understanding is that schools may legally choose to hold single-sex provisions if they can demonstrate this is a ‘proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim’, and in such cases, these single-sex provisions may legally exclude trans people. For example, it would be legal for a school to have a single-sex sports group which does not allow trans young people to participate – or for schools to prevent trans young people from accessing the toilet aligned with their gender. 

Although this is currently the only legal implication of this ruling, we are already seeing the misrepresentation of this ruling creating social implications beyond the legal bounds of the case. Transgender discrimination is increasing, and cis-gender people are already being discriminated against because of false assumptions about their gender. Although single-sex provisions excluding trans people are legal, and encouraged by the interim EHRC guidance, it is difficult to enforce or police without making assumptions which could be false. Furthermore, we are already hearing from teachers that this ruling has created further uncertainty, particularly around staff confidence in discussing trans identities and the protected characteristic of ‘Gender Reassignment’, which could impact the inclusive quality of Relationships, Sex, and Health Education (RSHE) and Personal, Social, Health Economics (PSHE). 

There is a lot of misinformation, which is leading to worsening, and at times unlawful, discriminatory language and behaviour. Government Ministers have stated the ruling requires transgender people to use toilets related to their sex assigned at birth, which is also set out in the EHRC interim guidance – this is not stated in the ruling. The Prime Minister has claimed the ruling offers clarity by defining women as biological women – this is misleading as the court judgement only pertains to an interpretation of what was meant by Parliament in The Equality Act 2010, and as clarified above it is parliament who enact and change law. Our current government could clarify or change law to make it workable and inclusive, should they wish to – the courts do not dictate definitions to Parliament.  

Actions you may wish to consider taking

We hope that reading this piece has helped you to feel more informed about the Supreme Court ruling. Below are some actions you may wish to undertake as a result of what you have read:  

  1. Please challenge mis-characterisations of this ruling and clarify that transgender people are still legally protected from discrimination, and that any decision to exclude them from provisions of services, whilst legal for single-sex provisions, and encouraged in the EHRC interim guidance, were not mandated by the court ruling. It is important that the ruling is spoken about with as much accuracy as possible. 
  1. Revisit policies – this ruling may require more accurate and thought-out language in policies which reference men and women, boys and girls, or The Equality Act 2010 protected characteristics of Sex and Gender Reassignment.
  2. If you are concerned about this ruling, then you may wish to take the time to write to your local MP and express your concerns. Remember, Parliament makes the laws, and the courts can only interpret them – our current government can change The Equality Act to include more clear and inclusive definitions which provide workable protections and dignity to all people – including transgender people.
  1. If you are concerned about the EHRC interim guidance, then they have stated that a consultation will launch in mid-May and last for two weeks. You may wish to use this consultation to share your view.
  2. Read and share our Diverse Educators Resources to support you and your school community. Here is our Transgender Rights’ Toolkit and here is our Growing Trans and Non-Binary Awareness Training. 

This piece was written by members of the Diverse Educators’ team and is intended for informational purposes only; it does not constitute legal advice nor a formal legal interpretation. This blog was published on 26/4/25, and all information was to the best of our understanding at the time of publishing.

Further Resources 

  • A clear and accurate legal explanation from Kalina Hagen – Click Here
  • Trans Actual Response – Click Here
  • An interim update on practical implications from the EHRC – Click Here

by Hannah Wilson

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