Written by Zahara Chowdhury
Zahara leads on equality, diversity and inclusive education in higher education. She has over a decade of experience in middle and senior positions in secondary education. Zahara is author of Creating Belonging in the Classroom: a Practical Guide to Having Brave and Difficult Conversations. She is founder of the School Should Be blog and podcast, a platform that amplifies diverse and current topics that impact secondary school classrooms, students and teachers.
Ageism in the workplace is often an under-acknowledged and yet deeply felt influence on career progression, belonging, development and wellbeing. Early in my career, I was often met with phrases like “age before stage” when I applied for promotions, “have your babies first” when balancing career plans, and most recently the flattering-yet-deflating, “you just look so young.” These comments project assumptions about capability and life stage, often rooted in (un)conscious bias.
But recently I have found myself close to a very particular phase of life, I’ve recognised an aspect of ageism and workplace invisibility that doesn’t get enough attention: the experience of the sandwich generation.
Who Are the Sandwich Generation?
I only recently became familiar with this term. The sandwich generation refers to adults who are caring for ageing parents or relatives and dependent children and grandchildren, nieces and nephews. It is a role and phase that people find themselves in and to me, a role and phase that we are unprepared for and do not necessarily imagine ourselves in as we age. According to recent UK research, there were an estimated 1.4 million “sandwich carers” aged 16-64 between 2021 and 2023—people juggling dual caring responsibilities. Around half of these were aged between 45 and 64.
When we look at the workforce more broadly, about one in three workers in the UK is aged 50 or over, a figure that reflects changing demographics and longer working lives.
Caring for Ageing Parents: Nuances Often Missed
Caring for a parent with declining health, or simply through the aging process, is not just about practical tasks. It’s emotional and exhausting work. In my experience, unlike caring for a toddler (who grows and develops with you), looking after a parent often means mourning the loss of who they were, even as you help them with the fundamentals of daily life:
- Helping them eat, walk, or bathe.
- Navigating digital systems—especially healthcare—when “online” is an alien concept for them.
- Managing the emotional shift from being cared for, to being the carer.
- Coping with the mental, physical and emotional health decline that often accompanies ageing and illness.
These aren’t small tasks—they are intensely personal, triggering, time-consuming and emotionally draining responsibilities that are often invisible and unacknowledged at work.
What Sandwich Caregiving Looks Like Day-to-Day
Right now, I do not find myself in this generation, however from my observations and conversations, this caregiving reality doesn’t exist in isolation—it intertwines with modern work expectations:
- High-demand jobs that leave little room for care breaks.
- The tug-of-war between career aspirations and care commitments.
- The current confusion and blur between working from home, hybrid working, working in the office, emails in the evenings, ‘managing your own workload’, which doesn’t often take into account the ‘homeload’
- Guilt over saying “no” — whether to extra hours at work, social outings, or even rest.
- Juggling care for children, grandchildren, nephews or nieces and ageing relatives.
- Being interpreters of technology, healthcare systems and cultural norms for older relatives.
And unlike the standardised support often afforded to new parents (paid parental leave, flexible hours, visibility of care needs), care for older dependents tends to be less recognised, less supported, and much more assumed to be “just part of life.”*
*I am fully aware that support for new parents has a long way to go, however relative to the support for carers and the topic of this article, it is miles ahead.
Cultural Layers: A Personal Reflection
Being South Asian, I’ve been acutely aware of the cultural dynamics of caregiving:
- Bilingualism has been a strength—flipping between English and Punjabi while navigating health systems, care plans and cultural expectations.
- Convincing elders (and wider family) that healthcare systems aren’t to be feared—especially in the face of longstanding racial inequities—adds an extra cognitive and emotional burden.
- Explaining to friends from other backgrounds why care homes aren’t just “a solution”, but often conflict with deeply held values about family, faith and community.
For many in my community, caregiving is not simply a logistics challenge—it’s a moral and familial duty. Saying older adults “need family, not outsiders” is not just cultural pride—it’s a lived priority and a core feature of love, respect and duty.
Why This Matters in the Workplace
We talk about supporting new parents in the workplace, which is vital. But we rarely talk about supporting carers of older adults, even though their needs are equally pressing:
- Longer working hours are being expected while caregiving demands rise.
- Compassionate leave policies typically offer 3–5 days—but that barely scratches the surface of extended medical appointments, hospital stays, or full-time care needs.
- Older carers may not ask for help—they were raised to keep their heads down and get on with life.
- The toll—loneliness, stress, overwhelm—can become normalised, unspoken, and unseen.
These are professionals who are burning the candle at four ends: their careers, their children, their parents, and often their grandchildren too.
What Employers Can Do
As we reimagine talent strategies, cultures of belonging, and retention plans, we must:
- Expand caregiving support beyond newborn and ‘early years’ parental leave.
- Offer accessible flexible working, without stigma, for all lived experiences, particularly those of care givers.
- Recognise caregiving as a legitimate and diverse need—not a personal burden to be hidden.
- Support wellbeing programmes through a lens of multiculturalism, cultural intelligence and multi-generational stress.
The sandwich generation is a caring generation, too—often unseen and rarely discussed. I am guilty of the latter too, ironically, until it has impacted my own lived experiences. Creating cultures of belonging means seeing these employees, understanding their lives outside of work, and acting with policies that genuinely meet the full spectrum of caregiving realities.